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Ground tomatoes and peppers

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Today there are about 10 thousand varieties in the world, differing in size, shape and color. An interesting fact is that tomatoes were originally yellow, then they were brought to Europe, and there, after a couple of hundred years, they acquired the familiar red color.

Location:

sunny.

Soil requirements:

loose, warm, well-drained, neutral or slightly acidic reaction.

Water:

regular, drip. Consumption – 1 liter of water per plant.

Feeding:

1st – 10-12 days after planting the seedlings in the garden, 2nd – two weeks after the first feeding, and 3rd – two weeks after the second.

Hilling:

8-12 days after planting in the ground, after watering, then 2.5-3 weeks after the first hilling.

Stepsonning:

3 weeks after planting the seedlings in the ground.

Garter:

to stakes or trellises at the level of the first sheet, then at the level of the second brush, then at the level of the third brush.

Pests:

cutworms, thrips, wireworms, slugs, mole crickets, root-knot nematodes and germ flies.

Diseases:

late blight, brown, brown, white and black spots, white, gray, apical and stem rot, verticillium, tracheomycosis, streak, bacterial cancer and viral mosaic.

Mulching is recommended.

Rules for growing seedlings:

Proper care of tomato seedlings has a positive effect on the quality and quantity of the future harvest.

  1. Before the emergence of seedlings, the temperature in the room with the crops is maintained at 25 ºC. As soon as the sprouts appear, and this happens on average after 5-7 days, the film or paper is removed (it is better to do this in the afternoon), then the seedlings are placed under bright, diffused light, and the temperature is lowered during the day to 10-15 ºC for a week, and at night up to 8-12 ºC. After seven days, the room temperature on sunny days is set within 20-25 ºC, on cloudy days – 18-20 ºC, and at night – 14-16 ºC.
  2. The substrate is watered with settled water at room temperature through a fine sprayer once a week, however, from the moment the seeds are sown in moist soil until the seedlings have their first true leaf, the soil is not watered. When the seedlings develop 5 true leaves, switch to the watering regime once every 3-4 days. Additional lighting is required.

An excellent option would be to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse.

Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse gives a higher yield than in open ground, due to the protection of the plants from frost and precipitation.

It is better to choose polycarbonate when choosing a material for a greenhouse. It is preferable to make the greenhouse frame from aluminum. Tomatoes require a lot of light. It will not be superfluous to equip a heating system. When it comes to watering tomatoes, it is best to install a drip system, using tape or running a drip line to each plant. Special controllers can regulate watering automatically.

Pepper

The herbaceous annual plant capsicum (Capsicum annuum) is a member of the Capsicum genus of the Solanaceae family. Today there are approximately 2 thousand varieties of capsicum, most of them are related to the sweet pepper subspecies, and the rest are related to the bitter pepper subspecies.

Location:

bright sunlight.

Soil requirements:

well drained, neutral reaction.

Water:

before flowering – once a week, during the period of fruit formation – 2 times a week, using up to 6 liters of water per m².

Feeding:

twice during the seedling period: two weeks after picking and at the stage of development of the second pair of leaves, then twice after planting the pepper in the ground. Both organic and mineral solutions are used as fertilizers.

Reproduction method:

seeds. Sowing is carried out no later than the beginning of March.

Pests:

spider mites, aphids, slugs, wireworms.

Diseases:

verticillium, bronzing (or spotted wilt), phytoplasmosis (or stolbur), late blight, fusarium, black leg, apical and gray rot.

Rules for growing seedlings:

Growing pepper seedlings is not much different from growing seedlings of any other vegetable.

  1. As soon as the first shoots appear, the temperature in the room is increased during the day to 26-28 ºC, and at night the seedlings need coolness – 10-15 ºC. It is necessary to monitor the soil moisture in containers with seedlings – it should be moderate, since in too wet soil the plants can get blackleg. However, the soil should not be allowed to dry out. You need to water the seedlings with settled warm water; cold water causes the seedlings to get sick and die.
  2. Caring for seedlings involves creating high air humidity in the room, so seedlings should be sprayed from time to time. In addition, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the room, without allowing drafts. It would be a good idea to provide the seedlings with additional lighting, as they require a lot of light.

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